The idea of getting out of the air of a strong anesthetic sounds fantastic today! Xenon without exaggeration a unique inert gas. He was the safest and most promising anesthetic HH1 century. Scientific development of xenon anesthesia in Russia started at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care RMAPO in 1990.
a result of close creative collaboration of the department and enterprise of Akela-N conducted preclinical and clinical trials of xenon in 1999 xenon for the first time in the world is allowed for medical use as a means of inhalation anesthetics (Order of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation ¹ 363 dated 8.10.1999.)
Russia in the clinical use of xenon has taken priority in mire.Po summary statistics in various medical institutions of the Russian Federation heldmorethan 300 operations under xenon anesthesia with brilliant success. Xenon anesthesia was introduced in cardiac surgery during operations with artificial circulation.
introduction of xenon in the surgical clinic - opened a new chapter in modern anesthesiology!
Anesthesia xenon anesthesia is not simply using the next new anesthetic on a long and difficult journey history of modern anesthesiology. This is not just a tribute to the new trendy anesthesia, which awaits the same fate, which have experienced many of the now deceased inhaled anesthetics and neingalyatsionnyh created the human mind. Each of the anesthetics was playing a role in the development of surgery, enrich the human experience, and left his mark in the history of anesthesia science. However, all previous anesthetics were toxic and potentially dangerous for the patient and surrounding personnel.
xenon anesthesia is a new trend in modern anesthesiology because it is predetermined by using one of the brightest representatives of inert gases in medicine .. As an inert gas, xenon is indifferent to the body fluids and its application in acute and chronic experiments not related to the problem of toxicity, in contrast to most existing anesthetics. And this is its great advantage of this negotiated a qualitatively new phenomenon which was not in anesthesiology past historical period.
Anesthesia xenon anesthesia is an inert gas, does not enter into chemical reactions with the neuron, but temporarily and reversibly altering its function in the transmission of nociceptive and nenotsitseptivnyh incentives. Of all the many anesthetics xenon is closer to unraveling the theories of anesthesia. Not accidentally, in the scientific world it is considered an instasment of knowledge of mechanisms of anesthesia. Mechanisms of molecular interactions of inert gases with proteins, amino acids, lipids, stasctured water, mediators not been explored and are fraught with many interesting phenomena and new discoveries.
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Many of these phenomena will find their application not only in anesthesiology, and intensive care for critical conditions, change our established notions about the mechanism and pathogenesis of pain and methods for their elimination. The use of xenon and other inert gases in medicine may provide a revolutionary breakthrough in nature to the knowledge of the physiological processes similar to the rapid development of scientific and technical progress in the twentieth century, which was due to the discovery of the inert gases and their application in various technical fields of science.
Anesthesia xenon ideologically different anesthesia. Due to the scarcity and high cost of xenon, it should be minimal-flow anesthesia, since anesthesia srednepotochnaya xenon economically unprofitable. In this regard, xenon anesthesia is based on a new modern ideology-anesthesia in a closed or conditionally closed circuit. Unfortunately, this ideology is too late to come to Russia because of the lack of domestic narcotic equipment and monitor equipment that were not able to provide a minimum flow of gas and liquid anesthetic.
For this simple reason, Russia «Low flow anesthesia» making only first steps, mainly in those institutions, which are imported anesthesia and respiratory equipment.
xenon anesthesia has become a powerful ideological impetus not only to the worldview anesthesiologists, who in their routine practice, had no experience with minimal flow in a closed loop, but she encouraged the efforts of domestic manufacturers of narcotic equipment. At present, intensified its efforts to design new types of anesthesia apparatus, adapted or upgraded under xenon. Simultaneously, the development of components anesthetic equipment, gas analyzers, flowmetry for xenon. There was a clear interest of foreign firms in the manufacturing of anesthesia apparatus by xenon for the Russian market.
Anesthesia xenon anesthesia is inevitably associated with the technology of recycling "waste" gas due to its scarcity and high cost. Recycling technology is a vast field of new ideas and technical solutions, which brought to the attention of the technical services of various countries. Xenon-recycling is a basic and essential part of the general problem of reducing the cost of xenon, and increasing the number of xenon anesthesia without changing the level of industrial production of xenon.
Thus the high cost of xenon has led to the need to develop technology-saving Xenon anesthesia - a combination of minimal-flow anesthesia with the recycling of exhaled xenon. includes the processes of recycling of waste through adsorption of xenon gas at the outlet of the anesthesia machine, the accumulation of waste gas with its subsequent desorption from the adsorber, a thorough cleaning in the production conditions and repeated and repeated use. This laid the essence of the "Russian" method of recycling of xenon. Xenon-saving technology of anesthesia becomes 30-36 times cheaper srednepotochnoy xenon anesthesia.
Technology xenon anesthesia should operate in close collaboration with the medical establishment now producing "Xenon Medical LLC Akela-N which gives, xenon, instascts staff on techniques to use and makes the collected gas for regeneration with the subsequent return of the purified xenon.
Anesthesia xenon anesthesia is environmentally friendly natural product that is absolutely safe for the patient and the environment. Its production is associated with the production of oxygen from ambient air as inert gases, including the heaviest fraction of air, krypton and xenon, produced as a byproduct. In this regard, xenon anesthesia raises a very important issue of our time, the issue of environmental safety.
known that the industrial production of nitrous oxide and other nitrogen compounds is 10% of all industrial pollution in the world. It is known that in Europe is spent annually nitrous oxide formorethan 20 billion liters, world production of halogen-containing anesthetics reaches 10.000 tons (1.6 billion liters).
Under the influence of ultraviolet radical NO and carbon radicals deplete the stratospheric ozone layer of our planet. With only 80 years the ozone layer has decreased by 1% and this process continues to grow, changing the planet's climate and the thermal belt of the earth.
have a lot of information on the toxicity and widespread in our country, nitrous oxide, its teratogenicity, carcinogenicity and risks to patients and staff around during prolonged anesthesia. (1)
According to international protocols (Copenhagen (1992), London, Montreal, Kyoto (1997) Production of anesthetics such as halothane, Pentraeth, enflyuran, izoflyuran containing radicals of carbon, chlorine and fluorine should be suspended in 2030
Thus, today anesthetic safety becomes part of a global environmental problem. Not by chance, scientists progressive countries in the past 10 years, returned to the issue of clean xenon anesthesia.
Xenon anesthesia - has revealed another aspect of the practice of anesthesiology, the absence of the anesthetic equipment for anesthesia that gas anesthetic. the largest domestic producers and the developer anesthetic technique VNIIMP-Vite verbally expressed willingness to cooperate, but in fact shows remarkable inertia in the development of a new anesthetic technique for xenon and strive to preserve national priority in the development and consolidation Xenon-saving technology of anesthesia.
Developers xenon anesthesia is one way, go for a joint collaboration with foreign firms. At the present time is based on anesthetic apparatus Stephan Company LLC in conjunction with Akela-N model for the new anesthetic machine with accessories products for anesthesia equipment xenon domestic production (block adsorption analyzer for O2 and Xe and flowmetry of Xe), which was created for the Russian market.
Block adsorption - Adsorber "is made Enterprise Ltd Akela-N and is intended for disposal of expired "spent" by adsorption of xenon gas. Its sorption capacity is designed for 300-350 liters of Xe, and it provides formorethan 15 two-hour operation under xenon anesthesia. Collected xenon undergoes desorption in a production environment Ltd. Akela-N, the gas is cleaned and then returned to the consumer. Practically, this process is the basis of the "Russian method" of recycling xenon. Adsorber included in the anesthetic machine.
second item of LLC Akela-N submitted by flowmetry Xe, (DCM-01), which provides an accurate account of the flow of Xe, in ml / min and its total consumption during the operation. This device has no analogues in the world. It provides the formation gazonarkoticheskoy mixture at minimum flow, which ensures conduct anesteziyuv including pediatric practice.
third product-gas analyzer binary GCM-03-insovt production company INSOVT (St. Petersburg) provides control of the concentration of Xe in gazonarkoticheskoy mixture.
Joining these components to basic anesthesia apparatus greatly increases its functionality and ensure the implementation of xenon anesthesia. All of these component parts can be installed independently on a separate mobile cart, and as a narcotic consoles join any anesthesia apparatus of domestic and foreign production. In this kind of xenon anesthetic Attachment (PNC-01) in the collection is produced on a production basis Ltd. Akela-N.
K xenon anesthesia are often of great interest, and other firms (Draeger, Dameka, Penlon), whose efficiency is much higher than that of Russian manufacturers of narcotic equipment.
Thus, the xenon anesthesia has given impetus to the development and technical services. In fact, in this direction prior to engineering design teams opened a vast field of activity on various aspects of xenon anesthesia. This applies to the original design of anesthesia -contained breathing apparatus, new products for recycling gas, the sorbent and desorption technique.
There is every reason to believe that xenon, as the best anesthetic gas HH1 century, worked his way into a broad national health and patients will thank him for his wonderful dream, anesthesiologists will admire them, scientists will further disclose the limitless possibilities of this promising anesthetic.