kshee an injury hole receptacle. By reducing the clotting ability of coagulation is slowed down, there is increased bleeding. Such people can lose a significant amount of blood, even with bleeding from small vessels, with the development of overall changes in the body.
Depending on where the blood pours out, distinguish hemorrhage:
• interstitial, in which flowing blood poured from the vessel into the surrounding tissue with basising ("black eye"), such as punch;
• Outdoor when blood from a damaged blood vessel pouring out. Most often it happens in case of damage of the upper and lower limbs, neck and head. Such bleeding can be seen and easily defined as its location, and character. To include external bleeding and bleeding into the lumen of a hollow organ such as stomach, intestines, bladder, trachea, as over time, sometimes several hours later, blood izlivshayasya a hollow organ, stands out;
• internal, in which blood from the damaged vessel flows into the closed cavity (eg, pleural, peritoneal, joint cavity, the skull). Such bleeding is very dangerous because asns hidden and difficult to recognize it. Pleural cavity can accommodate all of the circulating blood in the body, so it's bleeding can be fatal. Izlivshayasya into the abdominal or thoracic cavity blood loses its ability to clot, so that spontaneous bleeding occurs.
Recognize internal bleeding can only be based on common symptoms of acute anemia (blood loss): a sharp pale skin, rapid weak pulse, severe shortness of breath, dizziness, flashing "flies" before the eyes, drowsiness, fainting, etc. If you are currently affected not have a care and would not stop the blood loss, he begins bleeding of the brain, the pulse disappears, the blood pressure is not determined, there are convulsions, involuntary urination. Without urgent action is real death.
In some cases, bleeding is dangerous not because of the large blood loss, and as a result of the fact that the bloodshed squeezes the vital organs. Thus, accumulation of blood in the heart bag (pericardium) may lead to compression of the heart and its stop. When a cluster of blood streamed into the cranial cavity is the compression of the brain and can be fatal.
Bleeding dangerous by the fact that a decrease in the number of circulating blood in the body deteriorates the heart, breaks the flow of oxygen to tissues and vital organs (brain, liver, kidney). As a result of growing disorder of metabolism in the body.
Depending on the damaged vessel distinguish hemorrhage:
• capillary, occurring at different skin lesions, mucous membranes, muscles, and the bleeding vessel is not visible. If this external bleeding, blood oozing out evenly across the surface of the wound, as from a sponge;
• venous, which is characterized by the fact that pouring blood has a dark cherry color, follows a continuous stream slowly, evenly. Phleborrhagia less intensely than blood, so rarely is life threatening the victim. However, the neck injury may occur sucking air into the vessels through the damaged wound and place in my heart. In this case the air bubble blockage of the heart and blood vessel, causing an air embolism, which causes instant death. Because of the same name veins and arteries are often located near the isolated vein damage is rare, so most damage refers to the mixed arteriovenous type;
• blood - the most dangerous of all types of bleeding, because if it can quickly come bleeding body, and consequently - death. When bleeding from the carotid, femoral or axillary artery victim can die in 3 minutes. Determine this bleeding is not difficult. Izlivshayasya blood - bright red color, strong pulsating jet ejected;
• parenchymal (from parenchymatous organs).
First Aid . Patients who have lost a lot of blood, can be saved, if we take urgent action.
First, stop the bleeding, if it did not happen spontaneously stop. With significant bleeding blood vessels lose their tone, the result may occur spontaneously stop bleeding. Even if the bleeding has stopped, the wound is necessary to impose a pressure bandage.
Secondly, it should lay the victim on a flat surface, if it is in a swoon, it is placed in a position where head is below the torso, in some cases the victim lying up all the limbs, thus there is a temporary increase in blood flow to the lungs brain, kidneys and other vital organs. In the absence of damage to the abdominal organs and maintaining consciousness of the patient should drink hot tea, mineral water or plain water. In the case of a terminal condition and cardiac arrest should be carried out by the revival of chest compressions and as quickly as possible to bring the victim to hospital.
When capillary bleeding impose a pressure bandage on the wound (this may be a gauze, a piece of cotton wool, wrapped in a bandage, or just pure matter) and tight pribintovyvayut. If the injured limb, it is necessary to create her exalted position, but usually with capillary bleeding quite a pressure bandage.
Venous external bleeding and is best stopped a pressure bandage, which are superimposed on the bleeding vessel or injury and tight perebintovyvayut. Yawning ends of damaged vessels are pressed, squeezed to enlighten them, and the bleeding stops.
When bleeding from the upper limb is sometimes enough to raise his hand up, and then apply a pressure bandage on the wound. If bleeding is profuse, from a large vein, such as hip and hand do not have enough dressing to make a pressure bandage, then the bleeding site must immediately press with your fingers. Also reduce the bleeding can be emptied limb uppermost. and the stomach to put ice pack or cold water and immediately transported to the hospital in the supine position.
on materials
LA Galinski, VE ROMANOVSKY

Source: Journal of Quality of Life. Prevention. "№ 3 March 2005 www.profilaktika.com