Camping
area), which are particularly susceptible to mutagenic effects in
strong contrast to the regions not amenable to harmful influences (and there are,
it is easy to calculate, in our genome, 95%)



P. Pevzner and G. Tessler (co-author) - experts in bioinformatics -
science that uses mathematical tools to study genome. Their work
is a by-the brainchild of the famous and the giant project complete
sequencing the human genome, funded by National Institute of Health.
The result of the work were found by comparing the stasctures of the human genome and
Mouse 281 big block (of about 1 million base pairs amongmorethan 3
billion nucleotides of human genome) and 245 major rearrangements that characterize
differences in genotypes, formed after the evolutionary divergence of these
two species from a common ancestor 75 million years ago. "Like the ancient
supercontinent Pangea, broke up into seven continents 130 million years
ago, the genome of a common mouse and human ancestor that lived 75 million
years ago, broke up into 281 unit in the course of development "- added the study's authors.



Biologists have previously suggested that the rearrangement of genes by chance - the postulate
"Random breakage theory, which was supported by many researchers for
past thirty years. According to this theory, the breakdown in the genome should
distributed at random, chaotic way. Instead, it was found that
failure is often the case in certain ("fragile") regions of the genome, and
much less in all other regions. Now that you have the opportunity to explore
already read the genome, it became clear that the breakage and gaps are not
chance, but in certain bottlenecks genome.



The study's authors do not dismiss the theory of random distribution of mutations with
whereby in the mid 80-ies. predicted the existence of about 200
Evolution of genomic blocks mouse - a man (long before it was completed
Whole genome sequencing project). At the macro level, a new theory leads to the
same conclusions as the previous one and is consistent with all known until 2002
data. However, at the micro level, when you need to consider short sections
genome, the new theory explains the recent data of molecular genetics, whereas
previous theory - no.



Scientists from UCSD are hoping to gathermoreevidence for their theory
"Fragile breakage", comparing the near future in a similar way the genomes of rat
cats, dogs and other mammals. They also want to analyze the obtained
data to ascertain whether major rearrangements occur suddenly, or they
the result of multiple, but smaller rearrangements within
certain time.

Source: Rusbiotech.com