Paroxysmal disorders of arterial blood supply to the hands and (or)
feet that are caused by exposure to cold or excitement call syndrome
Reino . Usually Raynaud's syndrome is a secondary phenomenon, developing
at various diffuse connective tissue diseases (especially scleroderma),
lesion of the cervical spine, peripheral nervous system, endocrine
system (hyperthyroidism, diencephalic disorders), digital arteritis, arteriovenous
aneurysms, additional cervical ribs, and cryoglobulinemia. If no
specific reasons for the development of Raynaud's syndrome, we speak of Raynaud .
all starts with sudden brief episodes of numbness of fingers ,
which usually occur under the influence of cold, for example, when cleaning or washing
in cold water, at least - as a result of strong emotion. Fingers turn white instantly
- No blood, followed by numbness appears lomyaschaya sharp or burning pain.
Initially, to get rid of the pain, rather gently massage and warm
fingers for 2-3 minutes.
Over time, attacks occur without any apparent reason, their duration
increases, reaching up to 1,5-2 hours, the attack is not accompanied by pallor
skin, cyanosis, and edema. Later in the affected areas are formed surface
ulcer, and then the deeper pockets of necrosis (necrosis) of tissue. Affects
preferably 5.2 fingers, feet, at least - other parts of the body protasding
(Nose, ears, chin).
Although in most cases suffer fingers or toes, and occasionally
common lesion of the nose, ears, chin. Painting is the same - white porcelain
(Pallid), as in frostbite, skin, and severe pain.
easy to guess that the disease is associated with the violation of income
blood to the relevant authorities. This condition is called ischemia. However,
One may study the stascture of the arteries of patients suffering from disease
Raynaud's - no impediment to normal blood flow within them is not detected.
All business in the arteries themselves ,moreprecisely - in their walls. Artery - not just
ducts for pumping blood. Blood flow is regulated by lying
in their wall of muscle fibers. From normal muscle, they differ at least by the fact that
little tired. Part of their generally always in a state of tension. This
phenomenon is called vascular tone. If there is a need for additional
blood flow, muscle fibers relax, the lumen of arteries expanding and
blood flow increases.
Of course, no artery itself determines how much blood must flow through it
at one time or another: a leading role in the regulation of vascular tone belongs
nervous system. The case is a very important: if the wall will relax the "extra"
arteries, the total capacity of the vascular bed may increase so that
the body is simply not enough blood to fill it.
Until now, no one knows exactly why there is Raynaud's disease. Known,
that basically it is in younger women, but the sick men. The first attack
may occur after previous infection or exposure to inducing factors
- Exhaustion, hypothermia, excessive sunbathing. The development of Raynaud's disease
possibly as a consequence of brain injury or severe emotional distress.
In favor of the neurological nature of the disease also says the symmetry of the lesions:
manifestations of the disease almost simultaneously occupy the same areas on the right
and left.
But some importance is the physical load on the fingers - a disease
more common in typists, pianists.
important predisposing factor considered due to heredity
features of the reaction vessels in a variety of external circumstances. Even in
similar situations with different people the vessels react differently - some
blush of excitement, someone turns pale.
But the manifestations are similar to symptoms of Raynaud's disease, observed in diseases
endocrine glands, nervous system, weakening the immune system, as well as
chronic poisoning by salts of lead and mercury, long-term effects of such
adverse factors as vibration. In these cases, circulatory disorders may be
one of the first and most significant symptoms.
When Reynaud wrote his work, science does not have a hundredth fractions of a diagnostic
building, which today is known to any medical student. With PECIAL
methods of research vessels - thermal imaging, and ultrasound rheovasography
Doppler ultrasound - can detect early, early impaired blood flow, not
always visible even to the patient. Numerous laboratory tests
prompt medical attention in time, is not a manifestation of vasospasm latent disease.
Today, you can if you do not heal completely, then significantly slow the progression of
Raynaud's disease. Professionals use, and a large arsenal of medications, and physiotherapy,
and acupuncture and even surgery.
In no event should not take dasgs irregularly, "jump" from
one treatment to another in hopes of an immediate effect - nothing but
harm it will bring. In the same way is not worth asshing from doctor to doctor: for
patient's best if it a long time watching a doctor - a good neurologist
or surgeon who eventually sort out the individual characteristics of the flow
disease and pick up regimen, which allows to achieve maximum effect.
However, the patient himself can greatly facilitate the work of medical and life itself,
if adhere to certain recommendations:
something interesting
talent biting satirist Jean-Baptiste Moliere ridiculed for the amusement of the audience
contemporary physicians, did not cause a smile who lived a century later, Paris
therapist and a neurologist Maurice Raynaud. On the contrary, he was sorry for colleagues
would contrary to the assertions of the great playwright to prove that even in those days
it was not all bad medicine. In the end, Reynaud took and wrote in the hearts
Book of Doctors times of Moliere, "which is so like pundits Paris
that they have honored the author's Ph.D. degree. And on the merits - indeed,
Reynaud was not only a talented practitioners, but also an easdite philosopher
and historian of medicine.
If he further went on to write books on history and philosophy, in our
days, his name is hardly remembered to anyone except for a narrow circle of specialists. Between
so it is firmly established in the medical lexicon. In memory of the descendants of Raynaud's was
thanks works devoted quite a particular disease, where he first
described in detail and systematized signs of circulation in small
arteries of the hands and feet, which is gradually progressing, may eventually
lead to gangrene of the fingers. Contemporaries considered the description is so complete that
author's name was firmly associated with the disease itself - the term "disease
Reynaud became generally accepted.