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Arteries bring rich oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body,
whereas veins - return oxygen-poor blood back to the heart. You have
three types of veins. Superficial veins lie close to the skin, deep lies deep
about muscles. Perforating veins connect the superficial veins in deep veins with
one-way valve. Deep veins flow into the inferior vena cava which
flows through the heart. Deep vein thrombosis - blood clots in a vein deep
. Usually, deep vein thrombosis occurs in veins of the lower limbs and pelvis
rarely the upper extremities.

Deep vein thrombosis is manifested sudden swelling, pain and feeling the heat.
Deep vein thrombosis can lead to severe complications such as
pulmonary embolism. While a clot out of the deep veins and
moves into the pulmonary artery is stuck in them, thereby blocking the blood flow
in the lungs that leads to hypertension in the lungs and heart. Pulmonary artery
a critical condition that can lead to death.

Deep vein thrombosis is difficult to diagnose state, but the timely diagnosis of
can be effectively cured.

What are the symptoms?

In half the cases of deep venous thrombosis is not clinically manifested. Manifestations
DVT depends on the size and location of thrombus. Manifested swelling, pain
walking, feeling the heat in his leg, redness or blue feet.

What causes DVT?

Reduced blood flow in the veins or stagnation in the veins may lead to
thrombosis. This occurs with prolonged immobilization, resulting in
veins formed clots. The main reasons are:

• surgery on joints
  legs, abdomen and chest
  
• fracture of the femur and tibia


• Long Journey ( sometimes
  called economy class syndrome, because people are flying on an airplane
  have fewer opportunities to go)


• Hereditary deviation of blood clotting
  


• Cancer

Although long flights may increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis, it is rare
. Most cases of deep vein thrombosis occurs in
long-term bedridden patients.

risk increases in patients with coronary heart disease with acute stroke
, obese people, pregnant women, when applying
birth control pills.

The most common deep vein thrombosis of lower leg, but also meets vein thrombosis
hands.

Factors that increase the development of venous thrombosis hand:

• Having established intravenous catheter
  


• presence of tumor around the veins

How screened?

After examination and anamnesis doctor may prescribe ultrazvukovanie
duplex scanning veins, which will measure the diameter of the vein, the presence of a thrombus and
measure the velocity of blood flow. If necessary, holds phlebography -
in vein type contrast agent and under X-ray view
anatomy of veins and sometimes blood clots in them.

How to treat?

usually treated conservatively.

• 
  applied anticoagulant - a dasg,
  preventing clot formation (heparin), and prevents the formed
  thrombus to grow. Heparin is usually assigned 5-7 days, after which
  appointed anticoagulants in tablets, warfarin for 6 months. However
  anticoagulants can provoke bleeding. During the reception time
  anticoagulants should be monitored by a blood test.


• 
  If the clot is large and involves the risk of pulmonary embolism
  sometimes recommended that thrombolytic (clot dissolving). With this procedure in
  directly into the vein where the clot to be introduced dasg.
  Thrombolytics also carry a high risk of bleeding.


• 
  Sometimes you need surgery, thrombectomy
  (remove a blood clot from a vein).


• 
  In risk of pulmonary embolism in the inferior vena cava
  establish a special metal filter (cava filter) that can
  protect against pulmonary embolism. Cava filter is installed in the inferior vena cava and
  catches clots before they reach the pulmonary arteries.


• 
  to reduce swelling apply elastic compression.


• 
  Appointed flebotoniki (Detralex) .

What to do to stay healthy?

If you have an operation recommended:

• 
  elastic bandaging of the lower extremities


• 
  Appointment anticoagulants


• 
  Early activation after surgery

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